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Report in a Nutshell

M2M communications is an emerging technology and industry sub-segment poised to change the way that business is conducted, impacting everything from traditional telephony and IT operations to ERP, SCM, public safety, homeland security, and more. Written by an industry expert who has actually designed, implemented and operated M2M applications, End-to-End M2M provides invaluable information for anyone seeking to better understand the technology, applications, business and regulatory issues. End-to-End M2M distinguishes itself from other publications on this topic by providing the reader with an understanding of what M2M is, what the technologies involved in M2M are, reasons to use M2M, the key M2M applications, the challenges in deploying M2M, and more.

New in the Third Addition

This, the third edition of our End-to-End Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communication report, builds upon version two (published in November 2008) and has been expanded to cover many additional topics:

Embedded Systems

• Real-Time Embedded Systems
• Networked Embedded Systems
• Power Aware Computing
• Security in Embedded Systems
• System-on-Chip Design
• Testing of Embedded Core-Based Integrated Circuits
• Embedded Applications
• Automotive Networks
• Industrial Automation

M2M Sensor Specifications

RFID and Automatic Identification Systems

Embedded Systems, Applications and Business Cases

Six (6) New M2M Case Studies

Core Topics of This Publication

• M2M 101: The basics of M2M
• M2M Technology: Machine communications, wireless data communications, technology strategy, and back-end processing support
• M2M Business Dynamics: How to generate revenue and profits with M2M, ROI modeling, business case modeling, and more
• M2M Politics and Regulation: Privacy issues, regulatory issues, challenges to implement
• M2M Applications and Case Studies: Learn from what has already been done with expert analysis from the author

Target Audience

• Those involved in the M2M industry will find the business modeling, case studies, and expert analysis to be an extremely valuable  tool in considering business expansion, M2M applications, and new projects
• Those new to the M2M industry will find this entire publication an invaluable resource and significant opportunity for cost savings versus the effort and pain of simply learning by trial and error
• This is a must-have resource for anyone engaged in business or technology planning and engineering involving M2M
• Investors, analysts, and consultants in the M2M industry will find that this report provides all they need to know about M2M
• Industry segments that will benefit most from this report are suppliers and service providers of wireless (including cellular and unlicensed spectrum), telemetry and telematics, enterprise users and beneficiaries of improved business process communications in areas such as SCM and ERP, and government, public safety, and homeland security personnel

Table of Contents

M2M 101: Definition and History
M2M Building Blocks
M2M Evolution
The Major Components of M2M
     Wireless M2M Devices
     Wireless Transport of M2M Data to and from the Monitoring Facility
     The Back-end Operations and Support Infrastructure
M2M Solution Building Blocks:  A More In-Depth View
     The Machine the Customer Intends to Monitor and Control
     The In-Field Hardware Device Created by the Hardware Vendor
     Wireless Network
     The Back-End Server
     The Internet
     The Customer Facility for Monitoring and Controlling the Machines
Part Two: M2M Technology
     The Field-Deployed Hardware and Firmware Technology
     Analog to Digital Converter, Digital to Analog Converter (ADC / DAC)
     Memory
     Input / Output (I/O)
     Power Module
     Processor and Clock
Wireless Service Technology and Protocols
     GSM- (Global System Mobile)
     CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
     iDEN™ (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network)
     Analog or AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service)
The Technologies
GPRS (General Purpose Radio Service)
1xRTT or CDMA2000
iDEN Packet
High-Level Features of 3G Wireless
     Immediacy
     Packet Switched- Internet Protocol (IP) Compatibility
     Spectrum Efficiency
CPDP (Cellular Packet Data Protocol)
Control Channel - SMS, Analog Control Channel
SMS-The Short Message Service
     The Advantages of SMS
Analog Control Channel
Circuit-Switched Data (CSD)
Wireless Technology Recommendation for M2M
     GSM-SMS and GPRS
     CDMA-1xRTT
Embedded Systems
Real-Time Embedded Systems
Networked Embedded Systems
Power Aware Computing
Security in Embedded Systems
System-on-Chip Design
Testing of Embedded Core-Based Integrated Circuits
Embedded Applications
     Automotive Networks
     Industrial Automation
Intelligent Sensors
Technology Strategy
Hardware Budget
Scope of Deployment-Domestic or International
Ease of Creating the Application
Wireless Service Options
Wireless Access Costs
Further Technology Considerations
IP Addresses: Static, Dynamic and Persistent
Back-end Server Technology
Gateway to Wireless Carrier or Service Provider
3G-GPRS, 1xRTT iDEN™ Packet
     Delivery of SMS to the Internet
Server That Processes Inbound And Outbound M2M Messages
     Adds a Layer of Security
     Provides Billing Services
     Enables Customer Care
     Logs and Manages Traffic
     Interprets Inbound and Outbound M2M Messages
PART - Two -B- RFID
Automatic Identification Systems
     Barcode Systems
     Optical Character Recognition
     Biometric Procedures
     Fingerprinting procedures (dactyloscopy)
     Smart Cards
     Memory Cards
     Microprocessor Cards
RFID Systems
     Components of an RFID System
     Types of RFID Systems
     Types of Tags
     Passive Tags
     Semi Passive RFID Tags
     Active RFID Tags
     Active Tags with Sensors/GPS
     Difference between Active and Passive RFID
     Application Field
Comparison between RFID and the Different Available Tracking Techniques
Part 3: M2M Business Dynamics
Why M2M Is Taking Place:  What Happened
     Differences between Telemetry/SCADA And M2M Systems
M2M Opportunities: Services Companies Can Offer
Hardware Services
     Wireless Devices
     Custom Interfaces
     Standards Approval
     Manufacturing
     Support
Wireless Services
     Software and Back-End Services
Revenue Models
Recurring Revenue Flow
Business and Technology Strategies
Choosing a Wireless Service Provider
     SIM Cards
     Activations
     Cost per SMS / Data Block
     SMS / Data Retry Scheme
     SMS Delivery Receipt
     Store and Forward
     Roaming
     SLAs
     SMS with GPRS and 3G
     Billing Services
Assessing A Wireless Services Provider’s Capability.
Wireless Service Level Agreement: Key Criteria
Return on Investment (ROI)
Reducing Costs by Replacing Existing Processes and Procedures
Increasing Efficiency of an Operation
Using M2M to Remain Competitive
Billing Business and System Considerations
     Wireless Carrier
     Wireless Aggregator and VAR
     Wireless Services Reseller
Itemized Billing
Recommended Billing Service Features
     Accept Raw Input Data from Wireless Carrier for Any Data Technology
     Create Single/ Multiple Invoices Based on User-Defined Rates
     Add and Modify New and Existing Rate Plans
     Add and Modify New and Existing Revenue Sharing Schemes
     Create User-Defined Statistical Information Requests
     Calculate Overages and Carry Over Amounts of Data
     Invoice for Local Taxes, FCC and Other Federal / State Fees
     Indicate Roaming Instances and Invoice as Appropriate
Part Four: M2M Politics, Privacy and Regulatory
M2M Regulatory Issues
     Approvals
     GSM Conformance Testing
PCS Type Certification Review Board (PTCRB)
M2M And Telematics: Political and Privacy Issues
     M2M: Asset Tracking Using RFID Tags in Retail Stores
     Telematics: Vehicle Tracking and Navigational Assistance
Part 5: M2M Applications and Case Studies
M2M Applications
     Utility Company Applications
AMR Business Dynamics
AMR Benefits
General Measurement and Detection Applications
     Heating Venting, Air Conditioning (HVAC)
     Alarm, Presence and Intrusion Detection
     Environment
     Vending and Copier Machine Monitoring
Vending Machine Business Dynamics
     Office Copiers
     Radio Masts and Towers
     Railroad Level Crossing
     Parking and Traffic Control
     Asset and Inventory Tracking / Management
     Vehicle and Fleet Management
     Homeland Security
     Medical and Healthcare
Part 5a: M2M - The Next Level
Importance of M2M
M2M Employer Value Chain Analysis
M2M Needs from Employers Perspective
Part 5b: M2M Technological Advances
M2M Sensors
M2M Sensors: Challenges
M2M Sensor Requirement
M2M Sensor Networks
M2M Sensor Specifications
Latest Developments in Home Networking
     Home Security Using Sensor Networks
     Home Entertainment Systems
     Concepts
Existing Standards
     Limitations
     Evaluations
     Comparison
Part 5c: M2M Communication Protocols
M2M Standards for RFID
M2M Case Studies
Hypothetical Case Study
Integrating an M2M Solution to a Field Service Repair Company
     Enterprise Profile (FBS, Inc.)
     Areas of Inefficiency for FBS
     Recommended Wireless IM (M2M) Solution Components
     Post M2M Integration Work Flow
Wireless Instant Messaging Solution Costs
     Gross Profit Analysis
Return on Investment Analysis
Case Study on Jasper Wireless: M2M Services and Application
     About the Company
     Global SIM
     Service Management Tool: Jasper Control Center
     Professional Design and Certification
     Customers
     Latest Developments
Case Study: Amersam Car Park Management
     Application Requirements
     Amersam: The Car Park Management Company
     Individual Monitoring of Every Parking Space
     Monitoring and Control of Other Facility Systems
Author’s Note
Case Study: BioLab
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     The Results
Author’s Note
Case Study: Brookstone Equipment Co
     The Challenge
     The Solution
Author’s Note
Case Study: ADT - Monitoring Parolees
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Some Key Benefits of This Solution.
Author’s Note
Case Study: Mobile Cardiac Telemetry
     CardioNet
     The Challenge
     The Solution
Author’s Note
Case Study Kansas City Power & Light
     The Challenge
     The Solution
FleetBoss Telematics Case Studies
B&A Distributing, Inc., Beverage Distribution
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Maverick Materials-Building Materials Supply
     Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Bayer AG—Inventory Management - ATplan Case Study
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
American Red Cross Case Study - Numerex
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Ballarat Health Services - Opto 22 - Australia - Case Study
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
AIRS - Advanced Incident Response System - Cisco Case Study
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Tridum - ABB Zurich - Case Study
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Cole Plumbing
     Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Springer Equipment Forklift Sales, Parts, Service, Rentals, Leasing
     Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Provider Profiles
AIRDESK
     Airalliance™ Partner Network
     Activation.
     Technology
     Professional Services & Support
FleetBoss
     Software, Firmware, Hardware Development
nPhase
     Wireless Gateway Services
     M2M Developer Program
Direct, Wireless Service Providers
     Telemetrix
Case Study on U.S. Naval Air Systems Command
Location - Naval Air Systems Command, U.S.
Project - A Distributed, Intelligent Network of Unmanned Systems
Company - Augusta Systems, Inc.
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Case Study on United States Navy
Location - U.S. Navy Regional Supply Office in Norfolk, Va.
Project - Aviation Spare Parts Tracking
Company - Intermec RFID
     The Challenge
     The Solution
Benefits
Case Study on St. Olavs Hospital, Norway
Location - St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim, Norway
Project - Using RFID for Garments and Laundry
Company - Texi AS
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Case Study on Hein.
Location - Heinz, U.S.
Project - Inventory Tracking
Company - IBM
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Case Study on U.S. Army: Land Warrior
Location - U.S. 4th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, Fort Lewis
Project - Codename Land Warrior
Company - N.A. (U.S. Defense Research and Development)
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Case Study on Automated Meter Reading System (China Gas)
Location - China, Asia
Project - Automated Meter Reading System
Company - Wavenis Technology, Coronis and HowDeep Technology
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Case Study on GPS Based Fleet and Asset Tracking
Location - Toronto, Canada and Johannesburg
Project - GPS Based Tracking
Company - Geotab
     The Challenge
     The Solution
     Benefits
Part Six: M2M Requirement, Roles and Market Analysis
Part Six- a - Future Applications and Prototypes
Prototypes
     Asset and Warehouse Management
     Automotive
     Building Monitoring and Control
     Environmental Monitoring
     Health Care
     Military Battlefield Awareness
     Security and Surveillance
Future Research
     Secure Systems
     Embedded Operating Systems
     Groups Management
     Lightweight Signal Processing
     High-Data-Rate Sensors
     Applications
     Asset and Warehouse Management
     Automotive
     Building Monitoring and Control
     Environmental Monitoring
     Health Care
     Military Battlefield Awareness
     Security and Surveillance
     Secure Systems
     Embedded Operating Systems
     Groups Management
     Lightweight Signal Processing
     High-Data-Rate Sensors